Bladder Distension
This is usually the first line of treatment for IC as it is used to help diagnose the disease. Under general anaesthetic, the bladder is filled to a pressure of 80cm of water and kept distended for 5-10 minutes. This procedure may be performed a second time.
Whilst still under pressure, a cystoscope is introduced to the bladder to allow the specialist to view the bladder wall. It is only by looking at the bladder by this method that pinpoint haemorrhages or glomerulations become visible and bleed. These haemorrhages are the classic hallmark of the disease.
Not only does cystoscopy help to diagnose IC, but it may (in about 30% of patients) break up the scar tissue within the bladder wall and bring a short term improvement in the IC symptoms. Directly after the procedure there may be some temporary bleeding or burning during urination. Some may experience a decrease in frequency and urgency soon after this, whilst others may have to wait a couple of weeks or longer until the irritation subsides. If relief is obtained this may last for up to several months. The procedure can be repeated and may help to control symptoms successfully in some patients.